Means and method for making paper containers or the like



NOV. 24, 1931. s BERGSTElN 1,833,557

MEANS AND METHOD FOR MAKING PAPER CONTAINERS OR THE LIKE Filed April 15,1929 4 Sheets-Sheet l [N VENTO'R A TTORNE Y NOV. 24, 1931. 5 BERGSTElN1,833,557

MEANS AND METHOD FOR MAKING PAPER CONTAINERS OR THE LIKE Filed April 15,1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 BY AM/f [NZ/1Z0? Kim NOV. 24-, 1931. I 3 BERGSTElN1,833,557

MEANS AND METHOD FOR MAKING PAPER CONTAINERS-OR THE LIKE Filed April 15.1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 O O O NOV. 24, 1931. 3 BERGSTElN v 1,833,557

MEANS AND METHOD FOR MAKING PAPER CONTAINERS OR THE LIKE Filed April 15,1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 24, 1931 PATENT OFFICESAMUEL IBERGSTEIN, OF MIDDLETOWN, OHIO MEANS AND METHOD FOR MAKINGApplication filed April 15,

This invention relates to improvements in means and method for makingpaper containers, such as boxes, bags, and similar articles, havingparticular reference to a machine for joining a transparent sheetmaterial to the paper material before the containers are formed, theimprovements being a modification and further development of the machineand process of manufacturing set forth in my copending application forLetters Patent of the United States, Serial No. 282,020, filed May 31, 1928.

The invention as herein set forth makes possible manufacturing of suchpaper products on a production basis at relatively low cost. Theparticular objects attained in the improvements consist in the provisionof means for applying to the transparent material, incidental to joiningthe two materials together, an oleaginous substance which acts as apreservative of the material and affords certain operating advantages inmaking the product as herein described.

The practice heretofore in the manufacture of such articles, havingparticular reference to paper boxes, has been to apply the transparentmaterial'to the paper or box board by hand methods, involving handgluing and hand assembling of the two materials at a time and labor costtoo high to permit of using the boxes for many products for which theywould otherwise be desirable.

It is contemplated in the practice of the invention as herein set forthto assemble the sheets or blanks of paper material and the sheets orcovering portions of the transparent material by automatic machineryadapted for large output.

In the accompanying drawings, a machine embodying the invention in apreferred form and suitable modifications of the machine are shown forthe purpose of illustration, the improved method or process ofmanufacturing applying generally to machines of the character hereshown.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a detail view in side elevation of thel machine for assemblingthe two matemm s;

Figs. 2 and 3 are detail views of parts of PAPER CONTAINERS OR THE LIKE1929. Serial No. 355,038.

the mechanism taken respectively on lines 22 and 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of part of the frame structure of themachine;

Fig. 5 is a view of a box blank in one form of the paper material;

Fig. 6 is a view in side elevation showing a modification.

The means employed for practicin the invention as herein shown anddescribe consist in an attachment applied to a machine for gluing paperbox blanks. The general construction and operation of such machinesbeing well known in the art, only such parts of the mechanism as aredirectly assoc1ated 6 with the improvements applied thereto are shown inthe drawings and herein described.

The paper material, blanks cut and scored for forming, may be preparedin advance 7 with adhesive for joining the paper and transparentmaterials together and for forming and sealing the containers, or theadhesive may be applied to the pa er material on the machine. For stockblan prepared in advance with adhesive, means are provided on themachine for moistening the adhesive, and for blanks not prepared withadhesive in advance, means are provided for applying adhesive to thepaper material before the two materials are brought together for joininIn Fig. 1 the box blanks 1 are shown as arranged in a stack for movingthe blanks singly on the machine, a common form of box blanks beingillustrated in Fig. 5. The transparent material 3, as here shown, iswound on a roll in a continuous sheet or strip, the portions requiredfor each box blank being severed from the sheet incidental to theoperation of joining one material to the other.

The feeding mechanism for the paper blanks illustrated in Fig. 1 is ofwell known construction and is illustrated more or less conventionally.The parts shown consist of a feed roller 4 mounted on a shaft 8 and pro-95 vided with a friction pad 5 for engaging the outer sheet of papermaterial and moving the same between the roller and a belt 6 traversinga pulley 7 opposite roller 4.

Any suitable gluing or moistening device may be arranged for renderingthe box material adhesive, accordingly as the paper stock is or is notprepared with glue. Such devices are well known in the art and do notrequire a detail showing in their relations to the improvements hereinset forth. A glue moistener is shown conventionally in Fig, 1 in itsrelation to feed roller 4. The essential parts of the moistener consistin a container 9 for water and rollers 1011 for conveying moisture fromthe container to a roller 12 on shaft 8 which acts to transfer themoisture to the paper blanks which are prepared with adhesive'forassembling the two materials, thus acting to render the blanks adhesive.

As the paper blanks pass the feed roller 4, they are held frictionallyin engagement with belt 6 by a series of pressure rollers 13, theforward edge of each blank being moved into engagement with the lowerend of a depending arm 14 pivoted on a bracket 15 on rod 16 extendedlongitudinally of the machine. As the arm 14 is actuated successively bythe blanks the movement is transmitted through the pivot shaft 17 arm18, link 19, and arm 20 to a shaft 21 which extends parallel with red 16and has limited rotatable movement. From shaft 21 the movement isfurther transmitted through arm 22 to a vertically extended,spring-tensioned bolt 23, the lower end of the bolt anda spring 24 fornormally holding the bolt in raised position being supported in ahousing 25. The upper end of the bolt is provided with a pivoted latchor finger 26 tensioned by a spring 27 for engaging the adjacent end of apivoted pawl 28 which coac-ts at its opposite end with ashoulder 29 on adisc 30 secured to a shaft 31 upon which a roller 32 is supported, theroller being Operably associated witha sec- 0nd roller 33 on shaft 34 bygears 35, as best shown, in Fig. 2. The roller shaft 31 is connected tofeed roller shaft 8 by a chain and sprocket connection 363738, sprocket38 being free rotatably and slidably on shaft 31. The driving connectionbetween the sprocket and the shaft consists in a friction clutch of wellknown construction, comprising as here shown the disc 30 which issecured to the shaft, a fiber disc 39, interposed between a disc 40which is formed integrally with sprockets 3838-w, and disc 30, and a,

spring 41 arranged telescopically of the shaft and acting-to exertpressure on the sprockets for effecting the friction drive between thesprockets'and the shaft.

When 'lever 14 is moved by the forward edge of a paper blank, bolt 23 isforced downward against the resistance of spring 24, and

, pawl 28 is moved out of engagement with 24 to stop the rollers uponcompletion of one revolution.

The function of rollers 32-33 is to feed the strip of transparentmaterial forward and to perforate the strip at measured intervals as thematerial is drawn off the supply roll. To this end the rolls areprovided with coacting male and female line perforators 42-43 extendedaxially of the rolls for perfora'ting the strip transversely upon eachrotation of the rolls, which are Operably timed through the connection36-3738 with feed roller 4, the spacing of the line perforationslongitudinally of the strip being regulated to the length of transparentmaterial required for each paper blank. The. length of transparentmaterial required for each paper blank is drawn ofi' the supp-1y roll bythe feeding action of rolls 3233 and is moved into engagement with theadhesive portion of a paper blank in position to receive it by a roller45 which is driven from shaft 31 by a chain and sprocket connection46-47- 48. a v

Operably associated with roller 45 are means for moistening the rollerconsisting as here shown, of a container 49 for a suitable oleagin-ousliquid, such as paraffin oil, which serves the double purpose ofmoistening the feed roller for causing the transparent mate rial toadhere lightly to the roll as it is moved by the roll into engagementwith the box blank, and for effecting a light coating or film coveringof the liquid on the face of the transparent material with which theroll contacts, which tends to preserve the material in its normalpliable state. The oily substance also acts to prevent the wet glueonthe paper blanks, with which roller 45 may come in contact, adheringto the roller, which might otherwise result in abnormal operation of themachine, such as irregular feeding of the transparent material, whichwould cause roller 45 to contact with the adhesive on the paper blanks.

The liquid is conducted from container 49 by a roller 50which ispartially immersed in the liquid, and an intermediate roller 51. Ascraper 54 acts to prevent the formation of foreign substances on roller45 which would tend to interfere with normal operation of the roller.

The feed and perforating rollers 32-33 are of the required diameter forfeeding the strip of transparent material forward to they requiredextent for presenting a portion of the material, sufficient tocover theadhesive portion of the'paper blank upon each feeding action. Partialsevering of the transparent material is made by the line perforators4243, complete severing being'eifected by coaction between roller 45 anda contact roller 53 supported on a slotted bracket'52 for changing theposition of the roller according to the distance between the per- 7foration lines of the transparent strip. The end portion of the materialfed forward by rollers 3233 adheres to the moist and more or less tackysurface of roller 45 and is drawn between rollers 4553, the relativelyhigher speed of roller 45 than the movment of the material acting toexert sufficient tension on the material for tearing the strip on theperforated line between roller 52 and feed rollers 32-33. The severedportion of the material adheres slightly to the periphery of roller 45and is moved into contact and into register with the glued portion of abox blank in position under the roller to receive it. i

As the length of the strip of transparent material applied to each blankis determined by the diameter of the feed rollers 3233, it will be seenthat the portion so applied can be made to approximate the size andoutline of the portion of the paper blank it is to cover by varying thediameters of the feed rollers as indicated in dotted outlines in theassembly of the rollers. To this end also roller 53 is adjustable onbracket 52 for varyin the distance between the roller and the perorating' line of the feed rollers according to the length of materialfed forward on each operation of the feed rollers.

As the forward edge of the paper blank advances beyond roller 45 itmoves under a pressure roller 56 which during the movement of theforward edge of the blank thereunder is in raised position above theplane of movement of the blank. As the blank is further advanced theforward edge of the blank engages a depending arm 58 and moves the armupward in the same manner as the 70 of a disc 71 mounted on the sameshaft with cam 57. The cam shaft'is driven with a chain and sprocketconnection 38a.-72--73, sprocket 38-a being formed integrally withsprocket 38. The driving connection between sprocket'72 and the camshaft 74, as best shown in 3, consists of a friction clutch comprising aspring 75 for moving the sprocket axially on the shaft, a disc 76secured to the shaft and a friction disc 77 interposed between thesprocket and disc 76.

- Parts 58 to 77 inclusive are substantiallythe same inconstruction andoperation'as parts 14 to 39 inclusive.

' When cam shaft 74 is released upon actuation of lever 58, cam 57 willbe actuated one turn through the connection 38a '-7273, operation of thecam acting to force roller 56 against the superposed sheets of material,as the same are moved by the blank carrier belt 6 thereunder, with therequired pressure for effecting firm adhesion between the sheets. Theconnection between the cam and the pressure roller, as best shown inFig. 3, consists of a depending frame structure 78 in which aspring-tensioned frame 7 9-80 is slidably supported. The upper framemember 80 is provided with a roller 81, which is in operable relationwith cam 57, the frame 79-80 together with the pressure roller 56 beingheld in' raised position, when the cam is in neutral relation asindicated in Fig. 1, by opposite springs 82 arranged telescopically ofthe vertical frame members 79.

The mechanism for moving the paper blanks, for feeding the transparentmaterial to the blanks and the pressure mechanism including the camreleasing arm 58 and the cam 57 are supported for lateral adjustmenttransversely of the machine, the cam shaft 74 being splined for thepurpose and the arm 58 provided with any suitable means as a set screwfor securing the same on rod 60. Thus the machine as a whole is readilyadaptable, by adjusting the mechanism and by interchanging feed rollers3233 of different diameters for advancing the transparent material andregulating the position of roller 52, for applying the material in anypredetermined size over a corresponding glued portion of the paperblank. It is apparent that the transparent material may also be cut inadvance to the required size of the sheets and applied to the paperblanks or sheets by making suitable modification of the mechanism forfeeding sheets or blanks instead of a continuous strip of material,without departure from the principle of the invention.

The modified construction illustrated in Fig. 6 is a preferred form ofthe machine for common types of paper containers, such as boxes, bags,etc., made up from blanks; the organized unit of the machine comprising,as here shown, the feed rollers 47 and belt 6, adhesive applyingmechanism 9-'1011 12, the feeding and perforating rollers 3233 for thetransparent material 3, the moistening devices 495051, the moistenedfeed and pressure roller 45, contact roller 53 and the drivingconnections 36-3738 and 464748.

The coordinated feeding of the paper blanks 1 and of the transparentmaterial 3 is accomplished by the timed relation between rollers 4,32-33. and 45, the feeding action on the blanks by roller 4 beingrendered positive by the friction, devices 4a.

Variation in feed and perforating rollers 3233 for determining thelengths of the transparent sheets is effected, as indicated in dottedoutlines, by substituting larger or smaller rollers, as the case may beaccording to the required lengths of the sheets. For delivering thetransparent sheets to the paper blanks in the required time forpresenting-the transparent sheets in register with the adhesive-treatedportions of the blanks, as the two materials are moved into assemblingrelation with roller 45,the drivingconnection between rollers 4 and 3233is timed accordingly for presenting the transparent sheets sooner orlater, as the case may be, according to the position of the portion ofthe blanks prepared with adhesive for receiving the transparent sheets.

As far as I am aware the inventions set forth herein and in theaforesaid application for patent are the first of their kind forassembling sheet and blank materials in the manner set forth. Theimprovements of this later invention are accordingly defined broadly inthe appended claims both as to the means and method employed forpracticing the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. A process for applying a transparent window to a box blank having awindow opening consisting in applying adhesive to the borders of thewindow opening in the blank and moving the blank and a sheet oftransparent material into superposed rela tion one with the other, saidsheet being advanced into said relation by a roll, in applying asubstance to said roll to cause-the sheet moved thereby to adherethereto for advancing said sheet into said relation with said blank andto prevent adhesive applied to said blank from adhering to said roll.

2. A machine for assembling sheet mate-- rials including a frictionroller for advancing v one material on said machine, means operablycoordinated with the friction roller for rendering each portion ofmaterial so advanced adhesive, feed rollers for advancing a sheet ofanother material and perforators operably associated with said feedrollers for effecting perforating of the last named material at measuredintervals on lines extended transversely of said sheet, a moistenedroller to which material advanced by said feed rollers adheres and meansWhich acts to tear the measured portions thereof on said perforatedlines and to apply the severed portions to the portions of the firstnamed material rendered adhesive for effecting assembling of saidmaterials.

3. A machine for 'assemblin sheet materials including a friction rollerfor advancing versely of said sheet, a moistened roller to whichmaterial advanced by, said feed rollers adheres and which acts to tearthe measured portions thereof on said perforated lines and to apply thesevered portions to the portions of the first named material renderedadhesive, said friction roller, feed rollers and perforators, and saidmoistened roller being operably timed one with another for efiectingassembling of said materials in prescribed areas one material relativeto the other.

4. A machine for assembling sheet materials including a friction rollerfor advancing one material on said machine, means operably coordinatedwith the friction roller for rendering portions of said material soadvanced adhesive, feed rollers for advancing a sheet of transparentflexible material and means for partially severing said material intomeasured lengths, a roller to which said flexible material advanced bysaid feed rollers adheres, and means coacting with said roller forcompleting the severing of said material into its measured lengths andfor applying said severed lengths to the adhesive coated portions ofsaid first noted material.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

SAMUEL BERGSTEIN.

one material on said machine, means 0 erably coordinated with thefriction roller or ren dering each portion of material so advancedadhesive, feed rollers for advancing a sheet of another material andperforators operably associated with said feed rollers for effectingperforating of the last named material at measured intervals -on linesextended trans-

